{
 "schema_version": 1,
 "metric_id": "A5",
 "name": "Manufacturing labour productivity growth",
 "domain": "A",
 "tier": "v1",
 "grade": "A",
 "frequency": "A",
 "harmonized_international": true,
 "caveats": "Growth of real value added per hour worked in manufacturing — annual rates are noisy, read the run of years. Published directly by CBS growth accounts; no in-house derivation.",
 "methodology_notes": "Verified 9 Jul 2026: 85951NED, BedrijfstakkenBranchesSBI2008 307500 (manufacturing C), Arbeidsproductiviteitsontwikkeling_23, 1996+ (1995 is the base year, null). Same topic A6 uses for the whole economy.",
 "owner_review_required": false,
 "sources": [
  {
   "org": "CBS",
   "dataset_code": "85951NED",
   "licence": "CC BY 4.0 (CBS)"
  }
 ],
 "breaks": [],
 "primary": {
  "key": "CBS|85951NED|NL|%|BedrijfstakkenBranchesSBI2008=307500,topic=Arbeidsproductiviteitsontwikkeling_23",
  "dataset_code": "85951NED",
  "source_org": "CBS",
  "unit_code": "%",
  "unit_label": "%",
  "dimensions": {
   "BedrijfstakkenBranchesSBI2008": "307500",
   "topic": "Arbeidsproductiviteitsontwikkeling_23"
  },
  "frequency": "A",
  "points": [
   {
    "period": "1996",
    "value": 2.0
   },
   {
    "period": "1997",
    "value": 1.9
   },
   {
    "period": "1998",
    "value": 3.8
   },
   {
    "period": "1999",
    "value": 4.8
   },
   {
    "period": "2000",
    "value": 7.1
   },
   {
    "period": "2001",
    "value": 3.0
   },
   {
    "period": "2002",
    "value": 2.7
   },
   {
    "period": "2003",
    "value": 2.2
   },
   {
    "period": "2004",
    "value": 7.1
   },
   {
    "period": "2005",
    "value": 6.3
   },
   {
    "period": "2006",
    "value": 3.9
   },
   {
    "period": "2007",
    "value": 6.0
   },
   {
    "period": "2008",
    "value": -0.7
   },
   {
    "period": "2009",
    "value": -5.5
   },
   {
    "period": "2010",
    "value": 6.0
   },
   {
    "period": "2011",
    "value": 5.3
   },
   {
    "period": "2012",
    "value": 0.9
   },
   {
    "period": "2013",
    "value": -0.2
   },
   {
    "period": "2014",
    "value": 2.3
   },
   {
    "period": "2015",
    "value": 1.1
   },
   {
    "period": "2016",
    "value": 0.9
   },
   {
    "period": "2017",
    "value": 5.8
   },
   {
    "period": "2018",
    "value": 2.6
   },
   {
    "period": "2019",
    "value": -1.9
   },
   {
    "period": "2020",
    "value": 2.0
   },
   {
    "period": "2021",
    "value": 7.3
   },
   {
    "period": "2022",
    "value": 3.2
   },
   {
    "period": "2023",
    "value": -3.3
   },
   {
    "period": "2024",
    "value": -1.6
   }
  ]
 },
 "series": [
  {
   "key": "CBS|85951NED|NL|%|BedrijfstakkenBranchesSBI2008=307500,topic=Arbeidsproductiviteitsontwikkeling_23",
   "dataset_code": "85951NED",
   "source_org": "CBS",
   "unit_code": "%",
   "unit_label": "%",
   "dimensions": {
    "BedrijfstakkenBranchesSBI2008": "307500",
    "topic": "Arbeidsproductiviteitsontwikkeling_23"
   },
   "frequency": "A",
   "points": [
    {
     "period": "1996",
     "value": 2.0
    },
    {
     "period": "1997",
     "value": 1.9
    },
    {
     "period": "1998",
     "value": 3.8
    },
    {
     "period": "1999",
     "value": 4.8
    },
    {
     "period": "2000",
     "value": 7.1
    },
    {
     "period": "2001",
     "value": 3.0
    },
    {
     "period": "2002",
     "value": 2.7
    },
    {
     "period": "2003",
     "value": 2.2
    },
    {
     "period": "2004",
     "value": 7.1
    },
    {
     "period": "2005",
     "value": 6.3
    },
    {
     "period": "2006",
     "value": 3.9
    },
    {
     "period": "2007",
     "value": 6.0
    },
    {
     "period": "2008",
     "value": -0.7
    },
    {
     "period": "2009",
     "value": -5.5
    },
    {
     "period": "2010",
     "value": 6.0
    },
    {
     "period": "2011",
     "value": 5.3
    },
    {
     "period": "2012",
     "value": 0.9
    },
    {
     "period": "2013",
     "value": -0.2
    },
    {
     "period": "2014",
     "value": 2.3
    },
    {
     "period": "2015",
     "value": 1.1
    },
    {
     "period": "2016",
     "value": 0.9
    },
    {
     "period": "2017",
     "value": 5.8
    },
    {
     "period": "2018",
     "value": 2.6
    },
    {
     "period": "2019",
     "value": -1.9
    },
    {
     "period": "2020",
     "value": 2.0
    },
    {
     "period": "2021",
     "value": 7.3
    },
    {
     "period": "2022",
     "value": 3.2
    },
    {
     "period": "2023",
     "value": -3.3
    },
    {
     "period": "2024",
     "value": -1.6
    }
   ]
  }
 ],
 "peers": [],
 "derived": [],
 "trend": {
  "direction": "flat",
  "method": "OLS over last 8 annual observations, 5% significance (MBW convention)",
  "window_start": "2017",
  "window_end": "2024",
  "slope_per_year": -0.722619
 },
 "deltas": {
  "y1": 1.7,
  "y5": 0.3,
  "y10": -3.9,
  "latest_period": "2024",
  "latest_value": -1.6
 },
 "revisions_since": "2026-07-09",
 "generated_at": "2026-09-04T08:06:55+00:00"
}