{
 "schema_version": 1,
 "metric_id": "H8",
 "name": "Poverty: new budget-based method (persons)",
 "domain": "H",
 "tier": "v1",
 "grade": "A",
 "frequency": "A",
 "harmonized_international": false,
 "caveats": "New CBS/SCP/Nibud budget-based measure (from 2018) — NOT a continuation of the discontinued low-income series (H3): different construct AND different unit (persons, not households), and in like-for-like terms the two lines cross, so they are never spliced. 2024 provisional; definitive figures follow ~1 year later and can revise materially (2023 first printed as 3.1%, definitive 2.7%). Short series: 7 annual points. Students fall outside the poor/not-poor population by design; the measure covers registered private households with observed income only.",
 "methodology_notes": "Verified live 12 Jul 2026: 86127NED (persons, 2018–2024), filters Geslacht T001038 / Leeftijd '10000  ' / PersoonsEnHuishoudenskenmerken T009002; headline PersonenArmRelatief_22: 7.1% (2018) → 3.1% (2024 voorlopig); langdurig arm (≥3 jaar op rij) publishes from 2020. Children companion 86128NED, filters Leeftijd '41300  ' / Huishoudenskenmerken T009002. Peer context Eurostat ilc_li02 AROP B_60/MED_EI (relative construct, labelled as such) — owner decision: AROP peers sit on H8, not on frozen H3.",
 "owner_review_required": false,
 "sources": [
  {
   "org": "CBS",
   "dataset_code": "ilc_li02",
   "licence": "CC BY 4.0 (CBS)"
  },
  {
   "org": "CBS",
   "dataset_code": "manual:H8",
   "licence": "CC BY 4.0 (CBS)"
  },
  {
   "org": "CBS",
   "dataset_code": "86127NED",
   "licence": "CC BY 4.0 (CBS)"
  },
  {
   "org": "CBS",
   "dataset_code": "86128NED",
   "licence": "CC BY 4.0 (CBS)"
  }
 ],
 "breaks": [],
 "primary": {
  "key": "CBS|86127NED|NL|%|Geslacht=T001038,Leeftijd=10000,PersoonsEnHuishoudenskenmerken=T009002,topic=PersonenArmRelatief_22",
  "dataset_code": "86127NED",
  "source_org": "CBS",
  "unit_code": "%",
  "unit_label": "%",
  "dimensions": {
   "Geslacht": "T001038",
   "Leeftijd": "10000",
   "PersoonsEnHuishoudenskenmerken": "T009002",
   "topic": "PersonenArmRelatief_22"
  },
  "frequency": "A",
  "points": [
   {
    "period": "2018",
    "value": 7.1
   },
   {
    "period": "2019",
    "value": 6.3
   },
   {
    "period": "2020",
    "value": 5.1
   },
   {
    "period": "2021",
    "value": 4.9
   },
   {
    "period": "2022",
    "value": 3.4
   },
   {
    "period": "2023",
    "value": 2.7
   },
   {
    "period": "2024",
    "value": 3.1
   }
  ]
 },
 "series": [
  {
   "key": "CBS|ilc_li02|NL|PC|age=TOTAL,rskpovth=B_60,sex=T,statinfo=MED_EI",
   "dataset_code": "ilc_li02",
   "source_org": "CBS",
   "geography": "NL",
   "unit_code": "PC",
   "unit_label": "Percentage",
   "dimensions": {
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    "rskpovth": "B_60",
    "sex": "T",
    "age": "TOTAL"
   },
   "frequency": "A",
   "points": [
    {
     "period": "1995",
     "value": 11.0
    },
    {
     "period": "1996",
     "value": 12.0
    },
    {
     "period": "1997",
     "value": 10.0
    },
    {
     "period": "1998",
     "value": 10.0
    },
    {
     "period": "1999",
     "value": 11.0
    },
    {
     "period": "2000",
     "value": 11.0
    },
    {
     "period": "2001",
     "value": 11.0
    },
    {
     "period": "2002",
     "value": 11.0
    },
    {
     "period": "2005",
     "value": 10.7,
     "status": "b"
    },
    {
     "period": "2006",
     "value": 9.7
    },
    {
     "period": "2007",
     "value": 10.2
    },
    {
     "period": "2008",
     "value": 10.5
    },
    {
     "period": "2009",
     "value": 11.1
    },
    {
     "period": "2010",
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    },
    {
     "period": "2011",
     "value": 11.0
    },
    {
     "period": "2012",
     "value": 10.1
    },
    {
     "period": "2013",
     "value": 10.4
    },
    {
     "period": "2014",
     "value": 11.6
    },
    {
     "period": "2015",
     "value": 11.6
    },
    {
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     "value": 12.7,
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    {
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    {
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    {
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    {
     "period": "2023",
     "value": 13.0
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    {
     "period": "2024",
     "value": 12.1
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    {
     "period": "2025",
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   ]
  },
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   "dimensions": {
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    {
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     "status": "voorlopig"
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    {
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   ]
  },
  {
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    {
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   ]
  },
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   "key": "CBS|86127NED|NL|%|Geslacht=T001038,Leeftijd=10000,PersoonsEnHuishoudenskenmerken=T009002,topic=PersonenArmRelatief_22",
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   "key": "CBS|86127NED|NL|%|Geslacht=T001038,Leeftijd=10000,PersoonsEnHuishoudenskenmerken=T009002,topic=PersonenLangdurigArmRelatief_23",
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 ],
 "peers": [
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  {
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   "geography": "FR",
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    {
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     "value": 15.0
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    {
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    {
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     "status": "b"
    },
    {
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     "value": 12.0
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    {
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     "status": "b"
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    {
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    {
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    },
    {
     "period": "2007",
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    {
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    {
     "period": "2009",
     "value": 12.9
    },
    {
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    {
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     "value": 14.0
    },
    {
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     "value": 14.1
    },
    {
     "period": "2013",
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    },
    {
     "period": "2014",
     "value": 13.3
    },
    {
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     "value": 13.6
    },
    {
     "period": "2016",
     "value": 13.6
    },
    {
     "period": "2017",
     "value": 13.2
    },
    {
     "period": "2018",
     "value": 13.4
    },
    {
     "period": "2019",
     "value": 13.6
    },
    {
     "period": "2020",
     "value": 14.2,
     "status": "b"
    },
    {
     "period": "2021",
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    },
    {
     "period": "2022",
     "value": 15.6,
     "status": "b"
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    {
     "period": "2023",
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    {
     "period": "2024",
     "value": 15.9
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    {
     "period": "2025",
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   ]
  },
  {
   "key": "CBS|ilc_li02|FI|PC|age=TOTAL,rskpovth=B_60,sex=T,statinfo=MED_EI",
   "dataset_code": "ilc_li02",
   "source_org": "CBS",
   "geography": "FI",
   "unit_code": "PC",
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   "dimensions": {
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     "period": "1996",
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    {
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 ],
 "derived": [],
 "trend": {
  "direction": "down",
  "method": "OLS over last 8 annual observations, 5% significance (MBW convention)",
  "window_start": "2018",
  "window_end": "2024",
  "slope_per_year": -0.746429
 },
 "deltas": {
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  "y5": -3.2,
  "latest_period": "2024",
  "latest_value": 3.1
 },
 "revisions_since": "2026-07-17",
 "generated_at": "2026-09-04T08:06:56+00:00"
}