Environment & living environment
Part II — life in the Netherlands
What it shows
The physical environment people live in. PM2.5 is the only Part II indicator present in all three anchor frameworks with data back to 1987. Nitrogen deposition (1990+) and the Living Planet Index (1990+, NL biodiversity among Europe's worst) are distinctively Dutch stories.
What it cannot prove
Attribution to specific sectors or policies; KRW water quality has only 3 comparable observations.
L1Air quality (PM2.5)
8.3µg/m³
↘1y -0.4 · 5y — · 10y -5.3
ARIVMsince 2011 · as of 2024
L2Nitrogen deposition
1,315mol N/ha
·1y -60 · 5y — · 10y —
ARIVMsince 2022 · as of 2023
L3Breeding-bird index
128(1990 = 100)
↗1y +2 · 5y +10 · 10y +16
ACBSsince 1990 · as of 2023
L5Greenhouse gas emissions
145.6Mt CO₂-eq
↘1y +1.2 · 5y -22.2 · 10y -53.7
ACBSsince 1990 · as of 2025
More indicators for this domain are planned — see the methodology & roadmap. Missing here means not credible yet, not forgotten.